本文的主旨就是试图参照 20世纪以来(尤其是第二次世界大战以来)西方国家的历史实践 ,来对 “涂尔干主义”的实际历史效果做一次初步的考察和分析 。本文试图表明的主要观点有二:⒈涂尔干在 19 世纪末所提出的那一套用来解决西方发达国家社会危机的方案并不仅仅只是一套纸上作业, 而确确 实实是20世纪西方发达资本主义国家内部改革实践的一个重要组成部分。 ⒉就解决 19 世纪自由主义 现代性体制所面临的那些经济 、社会与精神危机而言, 涂尔干主义的解决方案确实具有一定的积极效 果;但它也引发了新的问题,具有较强的副作用,而这些副作用是我们在当前的情境条件下借鉴涂尔干理论时所不能不认真地加以考虑的 。

The word “Durkheimism” in this paper refers to the set of proposals put forward by Emile Durkheim concerning the ways out of the economic, social and spiritual crises he saw in his time.Those proposals were not just arguments on paper , but , in fact , an important component of social reforms in western developed countries of the 20 th century .The aim of this article is to show that those proposals of Durkheimism had indeed brought some positive contributions to the alleviation of those crises faced by the liberal modernity institution in the end of the 19 th century , but they also had produced some unexpected harmful side effects which we must give serious consideration when we apply them to our own situation .

谢立中；

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