国家认同是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的情感基础，对加强民族团结和增强国家凝聚力具有重要作用。本文利用世界价值观调查数据考察中国民众国家认同的变迁趋势，观测到一定的年龄、时期和世代效应特征。研究发现：第一，个体的国家认同随年龄增长呈现逐渐上升的变迁趋势；第二，国家认同在1995—2018年呈“V”型变动趋势，其中1995—2007年呈下降趋势，2008—2018年呈上升趋势；第三，不同世代的成长环境对个体的国家认同构建具有深远影响，改革开放后出生世代的国家认同呈现先下降后上升的变迁趋势。以上发现对理解转型社会的国家认同变迁具有重要意义。

National identity is the emotional foundation for forging the sense of community of the Chinese nation, and plays an important role in strengthening national unity and enhancing national cohesion. Using data from the World Values Survey (WVS), this paper examines the trend of change in national identity among the Chinese population, observing certain age, period, and generational effect characteristics. The study finds that: First, individual national identity shows a gradual upward trend with age; second, national identity shows a V shaped trend from 1995 to 2018, with a downward trend from 1995 to 2007 and an upward trend from 2008 to 2018; third, the growth environment of different generations has a profound influence on the construction of individual national identity, and the national identity of the generations born after the reform and opening up shows a trend of decline followed by an increase. The above findings are of great significance to the understanding of national identity change in transitional societies.

本研究受国家社会科学基金重大项目（19ZDA141）资助。

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