“个体是神圣的”这一命题是涂尔干理论的落脚点，也是戈夫曼理论的起始点，因而是现代与经典社会学理论的重要联结点。本文试图重新检视如下重要却充满争议的问题：戈夫曼在何种意义上继承和改变了涂尔干的“神圣个体”命题？本文试图还原涂尔干“神圣个体”命题背后的问题意识，并呈现涂尔干对个体被赋予神圣性之后的危机的思考。本文指出，戈夫曼一方面继承和推进了涂尔干对于神圣个体的危机的思考，另一方面又借鉴莫斯与齐美尔的理论洞见阐发了神圣个体的自我富有的新的可能性。

The proposition that“the individual is sacred” is the end point of émlie Durkheim’s theoretical journey, and Erving Goffman’s theoretical cornerstone, and is therefore a crucial link between classical and modern sociological theories. This paper attempts to re-examine one important yet unsolved question：In what sense did Goffman inherit and change Durkheim’s proposition of the sacred individual This paper delves into Durkheim’s theoretical inquiries beneath the proposition of the sacred individual, and reveals his reflections on the crisis when individual is endowed with sacredness. The paper argues that Goffman inherits and pushes forward Durkheim’s thoughts on the crisis of the sacred individual. Drawing on theoretical insights from Marcel Mauss and Georg Simmel, he offers a solution by exploring the new possibilities of the sacred individual’s self.

本文受清华大学仲英青年学者项目资助。

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