Market，Rurban and Region：The Imagination of the Early “Yenching School” about Modern China—Reflection on the Investigation and Social Experiment in Ching Ho (1928-1937)

本文把对清河调查和清河试验的解读置于燕京学派学术传统中，澄清早期学者对19世纪末转型期中的中国现代社会形态的判断和理解；其标志即传统型城市的腹地农村发育出的一个以农产品交易为核心的市镇社会。在面临新的社会条件时，市镇社会内部的自然调节机制陷入了危机，在自然调节能力不足的情况下，清河试验意图通过干预式调节来重振乡村经济，并建构新型地方性精神。早期学者提出的“市场”和“乡镇共同体”理论框架亦构成了日后社区研究的起点并开辟了多个研究脉络，构成燕京学派所理解的有关中国现代社会结构的总体图景。

Based on the interpretation of Ching Ho investigation in the academic tradition of Yenching School，this paper clarifies the early scholars’ judgment and understanding of Chinese modern society in the period of transformation in the end of 19th Century. The sign of this transformation was in traditional city hinterland, the rural developing an agricultural products trade as the core of the market town. In the face of new social conditions，the natural adjustment mechanism within the township was in crisis. Under the condition of insufficient natural adjustment capacity，social experiment of Ching Ho intended to revitalize the rural economy by intervening regulation and rebuilding a new local spirit. Early theory about “market” and “rurban community” also constitutes the starting point of the study on the community and opened up a number of research contexts，which have constructed the overall picture of social structure in modern China.

侯俊丹

本文系国家社科基金青年项目“‘乡治’传统与民国时期社会工作发展的关系研究”（15CSH064)的阶段性成果。

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