作为联结社会与个人、物质生产与人口再生产、劳动力市场与家庭生活的枢纽，中国现代母职和父职生成于清末以来的现代化转型。根据时代主旋律所界定的女性双重任务，1929-1933年间国共两党的劳动法搭建出了现代职业妇女的母职基本模式：以无酬照顾为主、赚钱为辅的母亲。顺应中国早期现代工业的性别特征，国共劳动法通过自身的性别逻辑和对新型父职标准的小步探索，隐晦地勾勒出了与现代母职二元对立和二元互补的现代父职模式：以赚钱为主、很少照顾子女的缺席父亲。

Modern motherhood and fatherhood in China，which connects the society and individuals，material production and human reproduction， labor market and family life，were born in the modernization era since the end of Qing Dynasty. Based on the mainstream motherhood discourse， the labor laws of the Nationalist Party and the Chinese Communist Party during 1929-1933 constructed the standards for the modern working women’s motherhood，i.e.，the main caregiver and the second breadwinner. These labor laws also vaguely outlined the modern fatherhood，which was in opposition to and complementation of the motherhood，as the main breadwinner and absent caregiver according to the gender logic of these laws and their preliminary exploration of the modern fatherhood.

王向贤

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