Cartography: A New Framework of National Governance

在“技术治国”的治理理念下，文件和图像在中国的行政系统中的地位日益重要，然而对于文件和图像的经验研究却没有得到相应的发展。经验研究的缺乏很可能源于分析视角的欠缺。本文力图通过借鉴社会学、人类学、政治学、地理学、历史学等各个学科领域内对于制图的研究，发展出一套“制图术”的分析视角。本文从“制图”、“治理”与“认知”三个环节对制图术的视角进行论述，并尝试将这个分析框架运用于观察中国现阶段的土地治理。本文进一步指出，这一视角有助于我们发现制图术的广泛运用给中央政府和地方政府分别带来的新的治理机遇和局限。以“制图术”为分析框架的研究指出了中国的治理结构正在经历的重要转型和潜在困难。

During the last decade, maps and files have gained prominence in the bureaucratic system in China as the state’s effort to promote good governance by technology. However, empirical studies on maps and files fall short due to the lack of analytical frameworks. This article aims to integrate studies on maps in multiple disciplines and develop a proper framework of cartography in the Chinese context of governance. Specifically, the current framework comprises three parts: mapmaking, governance and cognition. When applied to the land governance in China, the new perspective reveals unprecedented opportunities as well as limits of governance for the central and local government respectively. The current framework points to the potential traps in the current transition of governance.

杜月

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