Social Status Discordance in China(2003-2012)

本文基于2003-2012年间CGSS和CSS共计10个轮次的全国综合调查资料，对中国公众阶层地位认同偏差进行全景式的描述与分析。我们将基于潜类分析方法生成的客观阶层指标与阶层地位认同指标相比较，发现中国民众普遍存在阶层地位认同偏差，超半数的中国城镇居民低估自己的客观阶层地位，而超半数的农村居民高估其地位。回归分析表明：（1）教育程度、家庭收入和职业声望等客观地位越高，阶层地位认同上偏程度越小；（2）社会流动感知和阶层地位认同偏差显著相关，下向流动感知强化阶层地位认同下偏，上向流动感知则反之；（3）客观地位和社会流动感知对阶层地位认同偏差的影响均存在显著的城乡差异。最后本研究用“地位结构—地位过程”诠释了阶层地位认同偏差的形成机制。

This study investigates social status discordance(SSD)in contemporary China, using data assembled from 10 waves of nationally representative surveys from two leading projects between 2003 and 2012.Based on latent class analysis, we construct a unidimensional measure for objective status and status discordance in China.We find that more than half of the urban residents underestimate their social status, while more than half of the rural citizens overestimate their social status.Regression analyses demonstrate that:(1)family income, education and occupational status are negatively correlated with overestimating social status;(2)the perceived upward social mobility is positively correlated with overestimating social status; and(3)the effects of objective indicators and perceived mobility both differ between urban and rural residents.

范晓光 陈云松

国家社科基金青年项目“社会流动理论视角下的中产阶层公民参与研究”（批准号13CSH020；主持人：范晓光）;浙江省社会科学院重点学科（发展社会学）资助。

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