Subalternate Perspective and Its Intellectual Genealogy: A review on the general approaches of subaltern studies

文章立足中国,对印度底层研究进行了知识社会学的检讨。与印度底层研究者重塑底层历史、批判后殖民主义意识形态形塑下的精英主义史观不同的是,当下中国的底层问题主要关涉改革开放以来社会结构的变迁和社会分化的事实及其后果。如何开放底层讲述的空间,倾听底层的微声,记录底层的言说,并从日常生活世界中把握底层形象,将底层民众的日常生活作为学术知识生产和再生产的基础性资源,这是印度底层研究对我们的重要启示,也是将处理印度底层“历史问题”的理论框架运用到分析中国底层“现实问题”中来的前提。

This paper reviewed the general approaches of subaltern studies from the perspective of sociology of knowledge. In India，the issue of subaltern studies is how to reconstruct subaltern groups history during the colonialism period. But in China， the subaltern issue is the changes of social structure and the differentiation of social stratification since Chinas reform and opening up. In China，when we discuss the politics of subaltern，it is more important to rethink these issues: How to open the discourse space of subaltern groups? How to listen to the small voice of the subaltern groups，and how to record the representation of subaltern groups? The most important inspiration that the Indian subaltern studies give us is grasping the subaltern image from the daily life of common people，and regarding everyday life of subaltern groups as basic resource to production and reproduction of academic knowledge.

王庆明

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