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“生存伦理”与集体逻辑——农业集体化时期“倒欠户”现象的社会学考察

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英文标题:
摘要:

倒欠户是我国20世纪50年代中期开始的农业集体化运动中出现的独特历史现象。它是调和农民生存伦理与实现个体激励最大化这两者之间矛盾的尝试,同时也是新政权“塑造社会主义新人”的权力实践。但这种国家权力改造乡村社会的尝试并没有完成其本身的目标。本文在对已有的解释传统与研究路径进行梳理的基础上,强调更应该从“伦理”而非单纯“利益”的角度来理解“倒欠户”,指出“生产队”不仅是一种“生产组织”,同时更是一种“社会组织”,作为“集体”而存在的生产队在农民的心中乃是一种家庭式的存在。正是这种对于集体组织的理解方式,催生了一种“公私不分”的“集体伦理学”,和其他因素一起造成了倒欠户制度设计的失效,也催生了复杂的历史效果。

英文摘要:

Daoqianhuas a unique historical phenomenonemerged in the middle of 1950s when the agricultural collectivization movement got started The existence of daoqianhu illustrated the state's effort to reconcile the conflict between the peasants' subsistence ethic and the maximization of individual incentives. Meanwhileit was also a power practice that the CCP tried to create the new socialist generationHoweverthe state power didn't achieve its institutional goal of rebuilding the rural societyBased on the review of existing theoretical and empirical researchesthis paper emphasizes that we should understand daoqianhu from ethical point of view rather than the overly simplified economic angle. The author argues that the production teamwhich was seen by peasants as a family-like organizationwas not only an economic organization but also a social organizationwhich resulted into a collectivity ethic that confounds the public and the private Together with other factorsit led to the failure of daoqianhuinstitution and facilitated other unexpected historical results

作者: 孟庆延
作者单位: 清华大学人文社会科学学院社会学系
期刊: 社会学研究
年.期:页码 2012.6:172-191
中图分类号: C912.82
文章编号:
关键词: 倒欠户 实践逻辑 集体 伦理
英文关键词:
项目基金:

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