From Capital to Habitus: The class differentiation of family educational pattern in urban China

本文从布迪厄的阶级理论出发,运用资本和惯习概念,探讨中国城市地区中产阶级与底层阶级在子代的教育投入和教养理念上的差异。通过对2009年一项全国城市地区中小学生及家长调查数据的分析,本文发现在子代教育方面,中产阶级父母在资本投入上有显著优势,但在家庭教养态度惯习上却和底层阶级父母无甚差别。由此可见,当前中国的阶级差异仍主要表现为对资本占有的差异,中产阶级并未在阶级惯习上显著区别于底层阶级。所谓的阶层固化也主要是经济资本构筑的壁垒而已,不同阶层尚未在内在性情上呈现显著区隔。

Based on Bourdieu's concepts of "capital" and "habitus" in his class theory, this paper examined the differentiation of capital investment and parenting habitus on children's education between Chinese urban middle class and lower class. By analyzing a survey data of grade 4 and 8 students in urban areas in 2009, the authors found that middle class parents had significant advantages in capital investment, but showed no significant difference from lower class families in parenting attitudes. This finding indicates that the current Chinese middle class largely relies on capital possession, but displays few differences on class habitus compared with lower class. The so-called "class solidification" is primarily maintained through economic capital, but not through distinctions on inner dispositions.

洪岩璧 赵延东

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